ABSTRACT
Background: Recent advancements in diagnostic modalities for microalbuminuria have shown that urinaryexcretion of albumin is more in hypertensive patients as compared to subjects with normal blood pressure.Microalbuminuria is known to be associated with certain complications like dyslipidemia, cardiac complications,atherosclerosis and kidney disease. Purpose: To analyze the prevalence of microalbuminuria and its clinicalcorrelation with essential hypertension. Material and Methods: The study was of cross-sectional design,which was carried out in outpatient and inpatient departments of Medicine in DY Patil Medical School andHospital, Nerul, Navi Mumbai. Results: Out of total 190 study participants 96 were normotensive controls,while 94 were hypertensive patients. Mean age in control group was 48 ± 9.4 years, while that in hypertensivegroup, it was 49.2 ± 10.2 years. The 24 hours mean urinary excretion of albumin in hypertensive patients withmicroalbuminuria was found to be 80.21, while it was 12.91 and 7.89 in hypertensive patients withoutmicroalbuminuria and control groups, respectively. Conclusion: Early screening to detect microalbuminuriain early stages will help to initiate appropriate treatment regimen and prevent the risk of complications and thusimprovement in prognosis.
ABSTRACT
Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy and laparoscopic appendectomy is gold standard treatment modality for symptomatic cholelithiasis and appendicitis. Laparoscopy in paediatric patient have many limitations and factors restricting its use in paediatric patient are smaller surface area for access, compliant abdominal wall, the liver margin below the rib cage, the bladder being an intra-abdominal structure, the viscera close to anterior abdominal wall and small sized abdominal cavity and conventional instruments too long for paediatrics use. The so-called obliterated structures like umbilical vein, umbilical artery and urachus remain relatively large and partially patent in infants further restricting use of therapeutic laparoscopy.Methods: The present study was carried out in Department of General Surgery, MDM Hospital, Dr. S. N. Medical College, Jodhpur, Rajasthan. Total 50 patients were included in the present study of laparoscopic surgery in paediatric patients below 14 years of age and were studied in terms of, duration of surgery, postoperative pain, analgesic requirement, postoperative hospital stay, intraoperative and postoperative complication and factors necessitating conversion of laparoscopic procedure to open method.Results: As per the present study inguinal hernia was most common diagnosis (48%) followed by hydrocele (22%) and acute appendicitis (22%).Conclusions: It is concluded from the present study that laparoscopic surgery in paediatric patients is safe, complication free, had less analgesic requirement, shorter duration of surgery, short postoperative hospital and total hospital stay and better cosmetic results.